The Unusual Protagonist of Grettirs Saga :: Grettir Saga Essays

The Unusual Protagonist of Grettir's Saga  Ã‚   The decision to make Grettir the protagonist for Grettir's Saga is an interesting if not unusual choice on the part of the author(s). Examination of this atypical choice speaks volumes about the Icelandic society in the 13th century, when it is believed the saga was written down, as well as Icelandic society during the 10th century, when the majority of the action in the saga occurs. Before we begin an analysis and examination of Grettir, however, it is important to understand what a saga is and the purpose it serves. The author of Grettir's Saga is unknown. In fact, there is actually more than one author. Sagas were not written down until the 13th century at the earliest, yet they cover events that occurred even before the founding of Iceland between 830-950 (Hastrup 150-51). The reason for this discrepancy is that sagas began as oral stories. The sagas were passed down from generation to generation orally until they were written down in the 13th century. This is why there are actually multiple authors to the saga. Each time the saga was told, it was not told exactly the same. As the storytellers changed, so to did some of the events of the saga. While the changes made to the saga by the storytellers were not significant to change it's overall meaning, they do have the ability to enhance certain feats by Grettir, attacking the credibility of the story if dwelled upon. However, while certain events may not be completely true, the message that Grettir portrays and the issues that he represents are true and accurate. It is important to remember that the saga was considered a history, but was not to be used as a primary source for information. It served better when considered a vehicle for transporting traditional wisdom based on historical knowledge (Hastrup 143). Grettir was an unusual choice as a protagonist because he was an outlaw. He did not possess many heroic qualities and was not the typical protagonist that was liked by many of the characters in the novel or saga. Grettir was actually disliked by many and constantly in trouble with the law. Grettir's exploits were humane at times and bordered on heroic but his misdeeds weighed heavily against him. The author(s) of the saga took a chance by using Grettir as their protagonist.

Critical Review of Cook,  V. (1999). Going Beyond the Native Speaker in Language Teaching

Critical Review #1 Review: Cook,  V. (1999). Going beyond the native speaker in language teaching. TESOL Quarterly, 33(2), 185. In his article, Cook argues that the emphasis or dependence of native speaker model(NSM) in language teaching is not necessary. It is time to adopt non-native models both for language learning and teaching, and he provides some possible teaching methods. Firstly, Cook defines the native speaker and L2 users.Then he discusses the slight but salient differences between monolingual native speakers and multilingual native speakers in terms of â€Å"multicompetence† so that there is no stable NSM. He also argues NSM is implicit and L2 users are actually using L2 differently instead of deficiently from monolingual bias perspective, which means native-speaker level is not a must, even impractical, to most of L2 users because they do not need to proclaim their identity through the L2 and only few L2 users have achieved native-speaker proficiency.After this series of arguments, Cook proposes some practical suggestions of successful L2 user as models and applying L1 for teaching methods. Cook concludes that more emphasis should be added on the skillful L2 users and on using L1, and teaching language is not to imitate native speakers but to help learners so that L2 learners are successful in terms of multicompetent. In general this article is refreshing, especially 14 years ago. I absolutely agree with Cook that successful L2 learners are â€Å"successful multicompetent speakers, not failed native speakers† (p. 04). In non-English-speaking countries like China where English is neither an official language nor a lingua franca, a simple English native speaker, without teaching experiences or educational professional background, can be admired as a language specialist or an English authority only because he speaks so-called â€Å"pure English†. It is the time, 14 years later after this article has been published, to establish a positive image of nonnative-speaker teachers for the sake of both themselves and their students and for the fanatics of NSM to wake up.While in other places where English is adopted as a lingua franca, the reduction of NSM is more meaningful in the way of being equal, due to the speakers’ various lingual preferences and cultural backgrounds. Actually, nine years before this article, Rampton (1990) had called on the professionals to label native speakers as language experts in order to shift â€Å"the emphasis from ‘who you are’ to ‘what you know’† (p. 99). So in this sense, Cook affords L2 users agency on learning to use L2 instead of to transform their identity into native speakers. However, uncertainties still remain.First, although the author offers the definition of L2 users and even distinguished it from L2 learners, he does not make it specific what kind of languages one uses can be considered L2s in his statement. For example, languag es learned at what age or for what reason can be one’s L2? Or can one who learns L2 as an adult in order to stay alive in English-speaking countries be the same as one who simply uses L2 to serve foreigners in his own country? Second, the author observes that â€Å"students may feel overwhelmed by native-speaker teachers who have achieved a perfection that is out of the students’ reach. † (p. 00) I think the author slightly overstates the students’ fear of native speakers. The author himself admits that some L2 users could pass for native speakers, so why should all L2 learners be taken as not extraordinary in the first place? Also, the NS teachers do not only symbolize fluent target-language speakers, but also a bridge that connects two different cultures, which is cherished by students as well. Furthermore, according to Derrida (1998), language itself is essentially â€Å"oppressive†, thus both native speaker and L2 users are oppressed by languag e and nonnative-speaker teachers could also be overwhelming to the students.Third, since research supports the idea that teachers tend to teach the way they learn (Stitt-Gohdes, 2001), the nonnative-speaker teachers can be a distinguished example of successful L2 user, because such teachers are not only â€Å"fallible† as Cook states or â€Å"presents a more achievable model† (p. 200) but also they can share or deliver their knowledge, experience and strategies of becoming a successful L2 user. Fourth, the author mentions â€Å"successful L2 users† several times but does not give a definition or standard of it.Thus it makes me confused because is a successful L2 user one who is infinitely close to the native speakers? 733 words Reference Derrida, J. (1998). Monolingualism of the other: or, the prosthesis of origins. Standford, CA: Stanford University Press. Rampton,  M. (1990). Displacing the â€Å"native speaker†: Expertise, affiliation, and inheritanc e. ELT Journal, 44(2), 97-101. Stitt-Gohdes,  W. (2001). Business education students' preferred learning styles and their teachers' preferred instructional styles: Do they match? Delta Pi Epsilon Journal, 43(3), 137-151.

21st Century Internet Traps Essay - 1071 Words

21st Century Internet Traps In 21st century, the Internet has become very popular around the world. Since technology has improved, many people can use the Internet at home. From the Internet, people can write or receive emails, get information from around the world, or chat with friends or other people in different countries in instant messages with clear voices and images that shorten the distance from person to person. Also, there is no time limit. One can use the Internet whenever one wants. In addition, it is very inexpensive, so it is a very convenient type of media. However, some companies or people set up a lot of traps through websites, emails, or instant messaging to advertise their†¦show more content†¦From her pictures, I saw that she was very lovely, and at that time, I had a crush on her. Therefore, I provided her with my email address as quickly as possible on the website, and then went to see a NBA match. The match was very exciting. However, after the match, there were more exciting events that happened in my email box. I got 1267 new mails. They were erotic advertising emails, for example something entitled control my body, make you have very happy nights, and cute girl buffet for hungry man. At that time, I thought, Oh my god! I want to make friends with cute girls but not cute bitches. Because of the 1267 mails, my email box failed because it couldnt send and receive emails anymore. Therefore, I had to change to another email account. Those 1267 emails brought me a lot of trouble. I lost my girlfriends love letter in my email, which made her angry with me for several weeks. I had to tell my other friends and my parents that I had changed my email account again. Also, I lost contact with some of my pen pals. Actually, my case was better than my friends. The erotic companies disturb not only the one who sends them contact methods but also the ones whose information is on the websites. My friend put his personal information in a website. He provided not only his email but also his account numbers and some instantShow MoreRelatedEssay What I Would Get Rid of to Improve Life in the 21st Century670 Words   |  3 PagesOur lives are changing, the outstanding growth of our knowledge is increasing every day, yet our changing lives present increasingly complicated problems in an ageing society. Today’s 21st century has much to sort out that may help the upcoming society. 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Ironically, America the country that practically birthed slavery back in the 17th and 18th century and made it the norm had it abolished by the US Constitution in 1865, December 6th thus freeing all the African slaves and announcing them to be free at last. Yet, it was reported by the CNN on June 17th 2011 that between 14,500-17,500 people areRead MoreHuman Activity Is Responsible For Our Current Warming Trend1598 Words   |  7 PagesJonathon Schuldt (2014:219), around 99.7% of climatologists agree that man-made climate change is a reality, while only 40% of Americans believe that humans are the main driver. This is because we live in societies in which, thanks largely to the internet, everyone is free to express an opinion. On the issue of climate change, we have tons of sites saying one thing, as well as tons of sites saying something the complete opposite. According to Schuldt (2014:224 ), politicians, the media, and the publicRead MoreBitcoin: A Digital Currency Created by Satoshi Nakamoto Essay1077 Words   |  5 PagesPPCoin etc., are based on BTC with slight modifications and follow similar analysis. As the novelty of the BTCs is not underestimated, so should not be the capability of the core people who have put their faith in it. The 21st century has seen many examples of aggressive internet activism leading to a revolution in real life. The rapid growth of bitcoins should be attributed to this phenomenon also apart from the obvious utilities of BTCs which are in itself innovative and robust simultaneously. It

William Butler Yeats And His Life - 1810 Words

Who knows when a Nobel Prize would have been given to an Irish man if it had not been for William Butler Yeats? William Butler Yeats is a great figure in the history of Irish poetry and playwriting. He wrote many poems and plays throughout his entire life. He was a very modernist man and many of his poems were based on this, they were ahead of his time beautiful and inspiring. What was behind William Butler Yeats success, and what phases did he have to go through to get there. This man has influenced many poems and plays, writing and he has also inspired so many people around the world. William Butler Yeats was born on June 13th, 1865 Dublin, Ireland. His death was in a hotel on January 28th, 1939 in Menton, France. His father, John Butler Yeats was a lawyer who turned to be an artist. His mother Susan Pollexfun was from a wealthy family, who owned a shipping business. He grew up in Sligo, Ireland, Dublin Ireland and London England. He married at forty years of age to George Hyde and had two children a girl by the name of Anne and then a boy named Michael. He believed that he had the willpower to do anything that as long as he had it he could succeed at anything he put his mind to. This belief of willpower had come from pagan roots. William Yeats was a person who could not stand rudeness in any way shape or form; he was quick to put a rude person in their place. Yeats was very good at speaking; he was especial quick at winning arguments or discussions. At first, WilliamShow MoreRelatedThe Second Coming by William Butler Yeats751 Words   |  3 PagesWilliam Butler Yeats is considered to be one of the greatest poets of the twentieth century. As stated in an online source, â€Å"he belonged to the protestant, Anglo-Irish minority. Yeats was not a set person, in his earlier life he lived in London. Also, Yeats had a very interesting love life as a poet. It is very clear that he was an explanatory poet. 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Yeats: Nationalistic Reflection in His Poetry William Butler Yeats was an Irish poet, dramatist, and prose writer who was one of most influential poets of the Twentieth century. His talents were celebrated by scholars and activists and, in 1923, Yeats received the Nobel Prize for literature. Through his poetry, Yeats confronted the reality that felt was Oppression and Heartship for himself and his Irish brethren. Armed only with a pen, parchment, and a dissident tongue, Yeats helped toRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1465 Words   |  6 PagesMirror to Society Within the play Hamlet, William Shakespeare wrote what he thought to be the purpose of theatre. He defined theatre to be the actor’s ability to hold up a mirror to nature and portray what is actually happening within society. During the time of Shakespeare, the main aim in theatre was to create a night of entertainment, where society could escape from the issues of the day. 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Exploring Key Areas Of Operations Management - 1543 Words

Introduction In this article we are going to analyse key areas of ‘Operations Management’, considering a British coffeehouse company: Costa Coffee. We will study its specific operations management strategic frameworks such as design of goods and services, location strategy, management quality, process and capacity design, layout strategy, inventory management, supply chain management and job design and evaluate its effect on both company’s success and productivity. Abstract Costa Coffee is a British multinational coffeehouse company. It is the second largest coffeehouse chain in the world and the biggest in the United Kingdom. The products and cafà © services from Costa Coffee are accessible all over the world. It sells first-class†¦show more content†¦- Goodwill among consumers due to Social Responsibly Initiatives: Their stores are community friendly, concentrated on recycling and reducing waste. They have goodwill among communities where they operate. Weaknesses: - Expensive Products: In the times of economic sluggishness, customers to have so switching costs to competitor’s products with lower costs and forgo paying a premium. It produce some weakness for it to succeed in developing countries. - Negative large corporation image: As a large corporation, Costa Coffee does come under increased analysis and have to invest in corporate social responsibility activates and keep tight control over labour practices. Opportunities: - Expansion into Developing Markets: Costa Coffee has made good inroad into several countries. Costa Coffee has a great evolution prospective in additional expanding into the emerging and developing markets. They can control their size, experience, financial ability and efficiencies to make new market share. - Brand extension Threats: - Increased Competition: This is the biggest threat that Costa Coffee faces with the market being at a maturity stage, there is increased pressure on Starbucks from its competitors like Dunkin’ Donuts and

Attendance and Daily Time Record System Free Essays

Today, magnetic swipes are mostly used by many establishments and organizations to provide both security and convenience. Hotels use these as a replacement for the key system. Schools, specially the universities and college campuses also use these in the form of ID swipe system. We will write a custom essay sample on Attendance and Daily Time Record System or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Ramsbrock, D. and Moskovchenko S. , 2011, p. 4) Researchers tested University of Maryland’s Lenel System where the ID’s of the students include their Social Security Number. The ID information can be used by the outsider for identity theft. Copying of these existing cards can be done without the help of electronics expertise. The internet provides the sale of commercial card reader and writer and can be used to create a duplicate of these ID cards. A more complicated but still basic attack on the ID is creating a card from a certain two information without actually having an access to the card. These information has been disclosed by the author due to security purposes. (Ramsbrock, D. and Moskovchenko S. , 2011, p. 4) Boarding School Student Systems (E-ID) Using Radio Frequency Identification RFID or Radio Frequency Identification does not require a person to do a manual scanning, but it uses radio waves to identify man, animals, or other materials plugged with RFID tag. This method compared with the manual ID scanning reduces man power and time to input data. RFID system is mostly made up of three components: An antenna or a coil, a tranceiver or a decoder, and an RFID tag which is very tiny and can be placed inside a human body for data storage and retrieving purposes. (Abdul Kahir H. , et al. 2009) RFID Matrix Card System was tested by researchers and proven efficient and handy. Students coming in and out the establishment can be monitored. Any individual without an RFID will trigger an alarm and the management can pull the students’ information on the computer from their ID cards. (Abdul Kahir H. , et al. , 2009) Sampling in statistics, and survey methodology in selecting a subset, or a subgroup of individual within statistical population, to estimate characteristic of the whole population. Advantages of sampling are lower cost, faster data collection and a smaller data set improves accuracy and quality of data. Sampling involves several key stages defining the population concerned, specifying a sampling frame, specifying a sampling method, determining sample size, implementing the sampling plan and sampling with data gathering. The researchers chose to use non-probability sampling method (Arboleda, C. Writing a Thesis Proposal First Edition. 1998), specifically the incidental or accidental. The researchers first decided on the sample size by consulting with different school professors and with a thesis lecturer. After the consultations, the researchers decided to collect 100 surveys, as advised by the consultants. The researchers then proceeded to conduct the survey by handling out the surveys to the first 100 students who were more likely to return and re-enroll, were given more significance by the researchers as advised by those who were consulted. The researchers chose this sample method for three reasons. First, they had limited time, budget and workforce. Second, it was highly suggested by those consulted by the researchers. Third, it made statistical compilations easier by setting the size at 100. To maintain the quality and effectiveness of this survey research, the researchers chooses to have at least 100 samples. This survey evaluates the effectiveness and the impact to the student and faculties. How to cite Attendance and Daily Time Record System, Essays

Business Society and Planet Undertaking an Assessment

Question: Describe about the Business Society and Planet for Undertaking an Assessment. Answer: Identification and Description of Companies This particular report is produced with the intention of undertaking an assessment of differences of sustainability of the organizational approaches dedicated to the respective society. For satisfying such aim, two different companies operating in the global market are selected from the automotive industry of two diverse countries. Firstly, the German leading automobile company known as Volkswagen Group is chosen for the study, as the company has left a superior footmark in the global environment with its product offerings and approaches to different economies and societies. Volkswagen is a German multinational corporation operating as a car manufacturing business and was founded in 1937. The company covers the worldwide market with the operations are importantly controlled and monitored from headquarter located at Wolfsburg, Germany. In order to maintain the demands of its global customer base, it had produced almost 9.8 million vehicles in 2013 to become one of the leading car manu facturing organizations globally while holding the largest market share in the entire Europe for around 20 years (Carroll Buchholtz, 2014). The second company selected for creating this report is Jaguar, which is a luxury vehicle brand of Jaguar Land Rover. Jaguar Land Rover is a British multinational car manufacturer, which is actually owned by the automotive giant, Tata Motors since 2008. The company was originally founded by Sir William Lyons and William Walmsley in 1922. The operations of the company is highly emphasised in the United Kingdom while controlled and overseen by headquarters located at Whitney, Coventry (Ferrell Fraedrich, 2015). The luxury vehicles manufactured by the corporation is specifically dedicated for the high-income level communities of the country. For example, the company has produced cars for British Prime Minister in the recent years. However, the critical question for carrying out an investigation as part of the research is based on whether the activities and manufacturing operations adopted by these companies are adequately addressing the social and environmental balance. Based on the initial examination of the sustainability reports published by the two organizations, it is informed that both the firm provide momentous importance to their respective corporate social responsibilities. The identified firms commonly measure the development of corporate social responsibilities via undertaking decisive audit and investing heavily in the green initiatives (Smith, 2014). Difference of dealing with issues regarding Two Companies According to Caroll and Buchholtz (2014), the global economic environment is comprised with the involvement of strict and dominating regulations related to the fuel usage across the worldwide stage. Hence, the automotive companies from different nations around the world are required sternly complying with the identified rules and guidelines premeditated by these definite policies. These plans are designed by the international environmentalists and policymakers with the intention of reducing the effects of global warming and ensuring the activities planned by the automotive industry to be compliant (Zikmund, et al., 2013). Furthermore, it is critically observed that the contemporary and future demands of the global industries including the auto industry are widely influenced by the participation of new generation of customers. Based on the indication of Farrell and Fraedrich (2015), the car industry in the international business environment is continuously looking for a profound level of fuel economy and sustainability regarding the mobility of activities, which can be efficiently driven by the buying decisions taken by the new age of customers. From the analysis of sustainability reports involving both the companies, it is significantly noted that global climate change regulations and initiatives as part of the European Union (EU) are considerably addressed and responded through the reflection of social responsibilities of both companies associated with the operational process (Crane, et al., 2014). Especially, in case of Jaguar, it is severely required conforming with the stringent standards and requirements employed by the country government regarding the use of gasoline and other necessary elements facilitating the maintenance of fuel efficiencies in the passenger and personal vehicles. The particular understanding leads toward developing a suitable assessment of the difference in approaches undertaken by the two companies by explicitly providing attention to the range of issues dealt with the companies signified within the reports. The overall process is done for driving the assessment of the quality of individual reports produced by the two separate firms by considering the criteria outlined by Zadek, et al., (1997). Specifically, the report is looking to measure the appropriateness of the approaches developed by the recognised companies for meeting the specified standards for crafting useful recommendation promoting the improvement of contents used in the reports and activities assumed by the international organizations (Bocken, et al., 2014). The sustainability reports of two automotive companies provide significant importance to the ESG criteria covering environmental, social, and corporate governance aspects. The assessment of these reports has provided major strides regarding dealing with similar kind of sustainability issues like management approaches, environmental protection, corporate governance and ethical practices, human rights and workplace practices, and quality of strategies and products. Arguably, the different I observed regarding the reporting structure followed by Volkswagen and Jaguar. In case of Volkswagen, the entire report is suitably divided into some principle categories including the economy, society, environment, sustainability, and mobility. Alternative, the report published by Jaguar covers the chapters like management, social contributions, environmental protection, roles and responsibilities of organizational members, and customer satisfaction (Beschorner, 2014). From the context of management approach, the roles, and functions developed by the managers are Volkswagen is critically influenced by guidelines specified by the CSR strategy of the firm. It is observed that approaches elaborated by the management of the organization are directed towards achieving sustainable mobility by the implications of sustainable objectives defined by the top class team. Dissimilarly, Jaguars corporate governance statement is responsible for disclosing the information driving the engagement of the management to interact with the key stakeholders (Schudson, 2013). The precise process is significantly based on fulfilling the superior requirements of the organizational stakeholders while capturing opportunities for contributing to the society and overall ecosystem involving the operational diameter of the business. Lastly, the difference in handling the issues by the two identified companies can be observed from the corporate social governance and ethical practices followed by the business proceedings. Smith (2014) has dictated that Volkswagen provides value to some essential factors like customer satisfaction, sustainable relationship with the suppliers, risk management and compliance, smooth flow of raw materials, and economic stability for developing is corporate responsibility from the social context. In addition, the company believes that these individually identified factors will contribute to the establishment of an ethical dimension to the approaches and practices embraced by the business (Morali Searcy, 2013). On the contrary, Jaguar provides priority to some considerable areas for ensuring appropriateness in the course of building corporate social responsibilities and ethical considerations embedded in the approaches. These areas include an internal control system, implementation of CSR in the value chain, compliance department, risk management, and customer satisfaction. From the analysis of both priorities put forwarded by the identified organizations, it can be determined that customer satisfaction is commonly provided a substantial amount of importance for driving the remarkable development of products and catering the main requirements of organizational stakeholders (Gereffi Lee, 2016). In conclusion, it is noteworthy that Jaguar has provided extensive information in its social and corporate reports regarding safety approaches and measures developed by the firm in its vehicles, infrastructures, and operations. The information maintained by the company clearly reveals how the security requirements can be preserved and achieved by the firm through counting superiorly on the use of technology. Based on the suggestions reflected from the works of Zikmund, et al., (2013), the information included in the report is continuously based on looking for an efficient way to increase customer satisfaction. Some of the already identified methods, as determined from the information are improving product quality, manufacturing appealing products, and enhancing the quality of after-sales services. Hence, these are the significant differences in formulating and adopting approaches by the two identified companies for handling and mitigating the issues associated with the modern social and environmental perspectives. Explanation of Difference With the help of proposal made by Crane, et al., (2014), it is noted that the different terror incidents and explosion in London have significantly influenced shaping up its approaches and practices developed in the sustainability reports by Jaguar. Apart from that, the numerous occurrences of the earthquake in different countries have significantly forced the company to take adequate measures and reflect relevant information in its report (Nica, 2013). The report also crucially includes a one-paragraph long personal expression from the chairperson of the company indicating the sympathies and condolence message on behalf of the enterprise. The underlying intention of the proposed paragraph is demonstrating evidence on how the company is shaping up its approaches for formulating the fundamental ethical strategies. Based on the investigation carried out by Brocken (2014), the imperative aim of these policies is deploying the disaster response plan in the proper place for providing much -needed supports and benefits to the affected areas. On the other hand, the code of ethics included in the approaches embraced by Volkswagen is effectively compromised by the German Code of Corporate Governance, as the entire automotive industry is liable to keep their operations in line with the associated guidelines (Zadek, Evans, Pruzan, 2013). From the analysis of the report published by the company, it is reflected that the corporation has its set of ethical codes and principles related to the corporate conducts subsequently influenced by the principles implied by the country. In this particular scenario, Beschorner (2014) has explained that the Board of Management and a Supervisory Board of Volkswagen AG are issued by the company annually for checking and supervising the conformity. On the other hand, Jaguar has developed its particular set of code of conducts influenced by the social, economic, and environmental criteria (Matten, 2015). Assessment of Apparent Quality of Social Accounting Approach Some of the useful criteria were highlighted by Zadek, et al., (1997) for enabling the inclusion of adequate quality in the reporting process. Based on the explanation of the work, quality is a fundamental requirement of social accounting process. In this case, the criteria mentioned by the authors are importantly included in the development of critical discussion due to their ability to guide the corporate approaches and forcing them to adopt the best practices. Therefore, the assessment should need to be conducted from the areas covering inclusivity, evolution, disclosure, comparability, external verification, management policies and system, completeness, and continuous improvement for measuring the conformity of the best practices adopted by the selected companies (Blome Paulraj, 2013). Extent of Reflection of Stated Values in the Social Reports The assessment conducted from the mentioned perspectives suggests a suitable idea clarifying the extent of reflecting the stated values by the social reports developed by these firms for ensuring the emergence of a standardised approach for the society. From the context of modern day environment, Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), Version 3.1 is a widely used framework for ensuring and maintaining a standardized sustainability to the social reporting and approaches embraced by the firms (Epstein Buhovac, 2014). In order to compile their reports, both the companies have adopted the framework in their reporting process. However, the two enterprises in their reports do not conform to the exact guidelines and structures dictated by GRI. From the discussion of Schudson (2013), appropriate conformation with the guidelines of GRI framework would provide vibrant qualities to the overall social report making it easier for the readers to find, navigate, and compare specific data and informati on. However, it is worth to mention that maintaining all the requirements and guidelines according to the directives and principles referred to by the GRI framework is almost impossible for the companies due to their individual styles and tools of creating social reports (Hoffman, Frederick Schwartz, 2014). 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